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Ovarian cysts are fluid-filled sacs that develop in or on a woman’s ovaries. Most cysts are harmless, painless, and disappear on their own. However, in some cases, ovarian cysts can become large, rupture, or lead to serious health issues, including infertility.
In this blog, Nex IVF and Fertility Centre explains everything you need to know about ovarian cysts — their causes, symptoms, types, diagnosis, and treatment options.
What Are the Types of Ovarian Cysts?
- Functional Cysts – These are the most common and form during the menstrual cycle.
- Dermoid Cysts – These can contain tissues like skin, hair, or even teeth.
- Cystadenomas – These form on the surface of an ovary and may be filled with a watery or mucous substance.
- Endometriomas – Caused by endometriosis, these cysts contain old menstrual blood.
What Causes Ovarian Cysts?
- Hormonal imbalances
- Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
- Endometriosis
- Pregnancy
- Pelvic infections
- Use of fertility drugs
Common Symptoms of Ovarian Cysts
- Pelvic or abdominal pain
- Bloating or a feeling of heaviness in the lower abdomen
- Pain during intercourse
- Painful periods
- Frequent urge to urinate
- Nausea or vomiting (in severe cases)
In some cases, a ruptured cyst can cause sudden, severe pain — which requires immediate medical attention.
How Are Ovarian Cysts Diagnosed?
- Pelvic Ultrasound – To detect the size, shape, and type of the cyst.
- CA-125 Blood Test – Used to rule out ovarian cancer in postmenopausal women or in complex cysts.
- Pelvic Examination – Often the first step in identifying a cyst.
Treatment Options for Ovarian Cysts
- Watchful Waiting – In many cases, cysts go away on their own within a few months.
- Medications – Birth control pills may help prevent future cyst formation.
- Surgery – If the cyst is large, painful, or suspicious:
- Laparoscopy (Minimally invasive)
- Laparotomy (Open surgery for larger or cancerous cysts)
Ovarian Cyst and Fertility
Certain types of cysts like endometriomas or those associated with PCOS may affect ovulation and fertility. If you are trying to conceive and have cysts, early evaluation is key.
Why Choose Nex IVF and Fertility Centre?
At Nex IVF and Fertility Centre, we specialize in diagnosing and treating ovarian cysts with advanced technology and a compassionate approach. Our fertility experts assess each case individually and create a customized treatment plan focused on your reproductive health and fertility goals.
Final Thoughts
Not all ovarian cysts are dangerous, but ignoring symptoms can lead to complications. If you’re experiencing irregular cycles, pelvic pain, or fertility issues — consult a fertility expert without delay.